Common Drug Law Terms and Laws

Common Drug Law Terms and Laws Addiction Drug Use Print Common Drug Law Terms and Laws By Elizabeth Hartney, BSc., MSc., MA, PhD Elizabeth Hartney, BSc, MSc, MA, PhD is a psychologist, professor, and Director of the Centre for Health Leadership and Research at Royal Roads University, Canada. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Hartney, BSc., MSc., MA, PhD Updated on February 21, 2020 Photographers Choice/Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery While using drugs can have a significant negative impact on your mental and physical health, using or owning drugs can put you at serious risk of legal action.   Many addictive drugs, including medications available by prescription, are “controlled substances,” which means that there are laws in place that control the use and even possession of these drugs. Having these drugs without a doctors prescription and supervision can land you in real trouble. Laws vary from state to state, and jurisdiction to jurisdiction, so its important to familiarize yourself with your state and countys drug laws. The sentences for different infractions also vary. What might get you a jail sentence in one state may only get you a fine and a ticket in another.   There are many laws regarding drugs, but below are some of the most common. “Simple” Possession Simple possession of drugs means you have a small amount of the drug on your person or in your car or home. The amount is limited enough that it is assumed to be for personal use, rather than for distribution or sale. Possession laws also apply when you dont actually have literal possession of the drug, but you have control over what happens to the drug. For example, you have the key to a locker that contains the drug or if you have drugs stored in a storage locker. What is a Drug Dealer? “Trafficking” of Drugs Trafficking of drugs generally refers to the distribution or selling of drugs, commonly known as drug dealing. It also includes the growing or manufacturing of drugs, for example, growing cannabis or making methamphetamine. Trafficking also includes possession with intent to supply, which occurs when you possess larger amounts of drugs that would be expected for personal use. Importing and exporting of drugs are also a form of trafficking, so if you take drugs on holiday with you, it would be trafficking, not simple possession, even if it was for your own personal use. The amount of a drug you possess is important; if you possess a large amount of the drug, it can be understood that there is an intent for you to supply the drug to other people. This is much more serious than if you possess a small amount of a drug, which appears to be for personal use. You may be tempted to purchase a larger amount of a drug for personal use in order to save money or to share with friends. If you are found with a larger amount in your possession, you may be seen as possessing with intent to supply, even if it is really for your own use. If you intend to share it with friends, the situation gets worse, as it is not for personal use. Is It Legal to Use Drugs Without a Prescription? Possession of Drug-Related Items There are also laws that prohibit other items related to drug use or making drugs. For example, substances used to cultivate or manufacture drugs as well as the paraphernalia used to consume drugs, such as bongs, crack pipes, and syringes. Where You Are When Possessing Drugs Laws also take where possession of drugs occurs into account. The seriousness of possession charges increases if you are found to be possessing drugs in locations where you are close to vulnerable people, including schools, assisted living facility, or daycare. Its important to consult your jurisdictions laws or with an attorney if you have any questions pertaining to drug laws and their consequences. What to Do If Your Kid is Caught With Drugs at School

Major Components of Of Mice and Men - 1826 Words

Of Mice and Men is a book about two migrant field workers who got run out the town Weed. George, the intelligent one of the two but still uneducated and Lennie, the larger and dumber one suffering from mental disabilities. They hope to own their own piece of land and retire there. This dream is one of Lennies favorite stories, that George constantly retells him on how Lennie will get to tend the rabbits. They go to a farm to get job and do manual labor to save up and earn enough money to own their own piece of land. George and Lennie fit in with the workers just fine, but ran into trouble with the farm owners son, Curly. Curly was a shorter man and automatically hated everyone taller than him. He had a huge problem with Lennie and†¦show more content†¦Research Question, Rationale, and Thesis The purpose of this paper is to breakdown Lennies mental illness and find the most reasonable conclusion of to what he has. This question is important because the book never actually sta tes what Lennie suffers from and is a real problem throughout the world. If people were more able to understand and notice the symptoms of schizophrenia it could help many of the people who are unaware of having schizophrenia or a mental illness and help them get the help they need. Roughly thirty million people suffer from schizophrenia worldwide. Most people who suffer from schizophrenia do not receive the medical help that need or require. Schizophrenia is overlooked and isnt taken with the approach it should, it has similar care to alzheimers, everyone seems to know about it but nothing is really being done to stop or help treat this. Research Types of Schizophrenia â€Å"Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness that’s affecting millions worldwide. It affects a patient’s thinking, emotions, judgment, behavior, relationships and ability to effectively communicate.† (James Rinehart, 2006). Paranoid Schizophrenia is the most common kind of schizophrenia out there. Those who suffer from paranoid schizophrenia, show to be normal with day to day activities, work, or relationships being either friends or a significant other. Although, they suffer from illusions of sound and hear thingsShow MoreRelatedOf MIce and Men Naturalism867 Words   |  4 PagesOf Mice and Men is a famous Naturalist work in American literature. Various elements of Naturalism is exhibited in this novel through its character types and story plot. Charles Darwin, an English Naturalist proposed a theory called natural selection, meaning that nature selects the best adapted varieties to survive and reproduce. Darwin also identified this th eory as survival of the fittest. Steinbeck incorporated this belief of natural selection in many instances throughout Of Mice and Men usingRead MoreDifferences Between Human And Mice Immunology1278 Words   |  6 PagesGeorgiette Oduro-Boateng Immunology (BIO 3301) Writing Assignment 1 3/4/15 Differences between human and mice immunology Stage 1 The American Association of Immunologists was established in 1913. This professional society consists of professional trained distinguished scientists around the globe who are in association with a goal of progressing the understanding of immunology worldwide. AAI provides it members with relevant information, great educational opportunities, etc. The Journal of ImmunologyRead MoreThe Effects of Foreshadowing in John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men747 Words   |  3 PagesThe Effects of Foreshadowing Of mice and men is a short but captivating novel by John Steinbeck. He uses many literary techniques in his novel, but one of the many that can keep his readers on their toes is foreshadowing. Steinbeck uses parallel structure to foreshadow upcoming events in the novel. Some readers feel that this technique makes the book predictable, therefore taking away interest, but others think this technique is what creates the excitement to see if their predictions turn out toRead MoreHow Does Aluminum Affect The Effect Of Breast Cancer? Essay1365 Words   |  6 Pagesis not a necessary component of the body, and has been widely regarded as a neurotoxin, but its other effects are still unknown (Mandriota, Tenan, Ferrari, Sappino, 2016). However, it is prevalent in many products, such as antacids, food, vaccines, cosmetics, just to name a few (Mandriota et al., 2016). There has not been much attention to the possible dangers of aluminum absorption at low levels until recently (Darbre et al., 2013). 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In one study, he assigned inactive adults who were suffering from major depressive disorder to one of four groups; supervised exercise, home-based exercise, antidepressant therapy, or a placebo pill. After four months of treatment, he was able to conclude that people who received exercise or antidepressant treatment hadRead MoreIs Homosexuality Or Not?1294 Words   |  6 Pagesresponse to an event by one of the twins and not the other. One twin might have exposure to pornography or sexual abuse, but not the other. One twin may understand and respond to their family or classroom environment differently than the other. A major twin study among adolescents shows an even weaker genetic ass ociation. In 2002, Bearman and Brueckner studied tens of thousands of adolescent students in the U.S (RSS, 2015). The same-sex attraction concordance between identical twins was only 7.7%Read MoreAlzheimer s Disease ( Ad ) Is A Neurodegenerative Condition That Affects The Memory Function2719 Words   |  11 Pagesshown that obesity and diabetes actually have four times greater risked of developing AD. To test this theory researchers did a test on mice by injecting them with Leptin, which is a protein hormone that regulates ones metabolism that is secreted from fat cells, continually administrating Leptin into the mice had reduced the A beta capacity in the brains of AD mice, signifying that leptin could be a probable treatment for AD. When speaking on behalf of caloric intake and caloric restriction (CR) andRead MorePhysical And Behavioral Changes Of A Child s Temperament, And Capacities That Are Inherited From One s Parents1602 Words   |  7 Pagesstimuli, and their own impulses is partially affected by their own genetic makeup. Therefore, whether one is an introvert or an extrovert has some genetic say. On the other hand, mental health conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression have been proven to influence nature. According to statistical records, bipolar disorder is four to six times more likely to develop when there is a family history of the condition. Moreover, alcohol addiction has been shown in studies thatRead MoreIs Homosexuality Or Not?1707 Words   |  7 Pagesresponse to an event by one of the twins and not the other. One twin might have exposure to pornography or sexual abuse, but not the other. One twin may understand and respond to their family or classroom environment differently than the other. A major twin study among adolescents shows an even weaker genetic association. In 2002, Bearman and Brueckner studied tens of thousands of adolescent students in the U.S (RSS, 2015). The same-sex attraction concordanc e between identical twins was only 7.7%

Science And Technology Of Designing - 1421 Words

Nanotechnology, which is one of the new technologies, is the science and technology of designing, constructing and creating of novel nano-scale structure, 1nm to 100 nm in size, with huger quality, novel performance properties, along with fewer defects compared with those of the bulk material (Siqueira et al., 2010). An increasing interest from the scientific community to work with materials in nano metric scale has been observed since the introduction of the concept of nanotechnology by Richard Feynman in 1959. The last decade has seen advancement in every side of nanotechnology such as nano particles and powders, nano layers and coats, electrical, optic and mechanical nano devices, and nano structured biological materials (Bhattacharyya et al., 2009). Nanoscale structures permit the control of fundamental properties of materials without changing the materials’ chemical status (Murphy et al., 2011). There are two general ways available to produce nano materials, as shown in the following figure 18. The first way is to start with a bulk material and then break it into smaller pieces using mechanical, chemical or other form of energy (top-down). An opposite approach is to synthesis the material from atomic or molecular species via chemical reactions, allowing for the precursor particles to grow in size (bottom-up). Both approaches can be done in either gas, liquid, supercritical fluids, solid states, or in vacuum (Dastjerdi and Montazer, 2010). Figure 18: Illustration ofShow MoreRelatedMechanical Design Of Mechanical Engineering1537 Words   |  7 Pagesout about materials, strong and liquid mechanics, thermodynamics, warmth exchange, control, instrumentation, plan, and assembling to comprehend mechanical frameworks. Specific mechanical building subjects incorporate biomechanics, ligament tissue designing, vitality change, laser-helped materials handling, burning, MEMS, microflui dic gadgets, components, tribology and vibrations. Despite the specific way they imagine for themselves after they graduate, their instruction will have furnished them withRead MoreWork-Related Project Analysis, Part I1212 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis, Part I Computer designing is a key effective of learning computers are a good educational design. The computer designing has related learning resources went it comes to guidelines. Computer designing guidelines which meet the learning for different types of groups and which are encourage to active and rich learning. The designing can effective the computer based of learning went it come to its environment. 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Victims Movement Free Essays

Victimology in its most simple form is the study of the victim or victims of a particular offender (Roberson. Wallace, 2011). I feel that the Victims’ Movement has not yet reached its full potential because just like every form of law, legislature or even government there is always ways to improve and to become stronger. We will write a custom essay sample on Victims Movement or any similar topic only for you Order Now Much like when we started to form our government it had so many flaws and it still today has the ability to improve. The problem is that as society changes and crime changes the laws and the system have to change with it in order for things to improve. When it comes to crimes it isn’t just the victim that is affected, everyone involved is affected including the offender and the society. Starting in the 1960’s victims of crime began to volunteer with many different programs to assist other victims, speaking on their behalf and trying to fight for rights and fighting for a voice. Because of these actions we now have programs like Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA) which is an agency that provides funds for law enforcement to establish victim-witness programs (Roberson, Wallace, 2011). The downfall in creating programs like this is the funding, having the money to pay for them. That was exactly the problem in in the 70’s and 80’s, not enough funding to keep them going. This is a problem for a lot of law enforcement and criminal programs. Not to be discouraged the movement just started to move into specialized groups such as National Coalition Against Sexual Assault, and POMC; Parents of Murdered Children. Another one that we hear about a great deal still today is MADD which is Mothers Against Drunk Drivers founded in 1980 by Candy Lightner whose daughter was killed by a drunk driver (Roberson,Wallace,2011). Having these programs can be so helpful to so many people that it is important to have the money to fund them; this can be a problem for those who need it. So what is there for us to do to ensure that they remain available? Are there ways to continue to be effective? I feel that there are ways to ensure that the Victims Movement reaches its absolute full potential and to ensure that nobody goes unnoticed that may need such programs. I feel that it is important to have contingency plans and goals to achieve success. First continue to get the word out, be the voice for the people who may not have their own anymore. With the MADD organization there goal is to â€Å"To aid the victims of crimes performed by individuals driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, to aid the families of such victims and to increase public awareness of the problem of drinking and drugged driving (MADD. org). † With this organization they have saved nearly 300,000 lives by doing the work they do; by having MADD in all 50 states, 1,200 victims’ advocates in 48 states and 20 volunteer hotlines that help people 24/7 ( MADD. rg). These programs don’t always get money from the government, they often have to raise money, and they are often non-profit organizations, but without them victims may have no other resources. Plan for the future. Having goals to help people, to help the victims and even the families of crimes like drunk driving or sexual assault needs follow through. They need someone to sa y â€Å"OK let’s get together and make a plan, let’s get as many drunk drivers off the road as we can†. It takes a leader to get groups going, to make a difference in so many people’s lives, and it shouldn’t take a tragedy to get people to do something about it. Get as much support as you can. Being a victim doesn’t just happen, these organizations don’t just happen and the Victims Movement can’t thrive on its own. These things need support; they need support from communities, the need support from society and they need support from the government. There are times when we need laws, laws to prevent people from being able to commit the same crime unpunished and able to hurt other people. Law enforcement agencies should be involved as much as possible too within their own communities, providing assistance programs and advocates to support victims or all involved that have their lives forever changed. These are things that can help make the changes we need, the changes we need to continue righting the wrongs and to forever make a difference in the lives of so many people. How to cite Victims Movement, Papers

My Last Duchess Essays - My Last Duchess, Duchess, Duke,

My Last Duchess ?Who is the Duke of Ferrara It is more difficult for some to mask their personality traits than others. Even though the Duke of Ferrara, in ?My Last Duchess,? a poem by Robert Browning, attempted to conceal his traits he could still be seen through. In the midst of a party, the duke steps aside for the negotiation of an alliance. The more the duke aims to cover his traits the more apparent they became. The duke did not intend for his arrogance to be shown as much as it was. The poem had an arrogant tone. He made a point to put emphasis on himself or ?I.? The extra comment ?since none puts by the curtain I have drawn for you, but I? was not required. He felt the ?gift of a nine-hundred-years-old name? should not be equal to lesser gifts from others. The one trait that was the most apparent was his possessiveness. The first line sums it up with, ?That's my last Duchess painted on the wall.? It would have been just as simple to say, look at the painting on the wall. As they are returning to the party the duke is sure to point out more of his expensive artwork. The first thought of his shrewdness is the whereabouts of his last duchess. He never mentions her location. Questions of her death, banishment, or incarceration come to mind. When the duke could not handle the smiles anymore, he ordered them to cease. The smiles stopped. All the effort put into hiding his personality was useless. He was transparent. No matter how much energy is put into hiding ones personality, the true person will always be seen. Bibliography none

The Fall of Rome

The Fall of Rome From its early days as a monarchy, through the Republic and the Roman Empire, Rome lasted a millennium ... or two. Those who opt for two millennia date the Fall of Rome to 1453 when the Ottoman Turks took Byzantium (Constantinople). Those who opt for one millennium, agree with Roman historian Edward Gibbon. Edward Gibbon dated the Fall to September 4, A.D. 476 when a so-called barbarian named Odoacer (a Germanic leader in the Roman army), deposed the last western Roman emperor, Romulus Augustulus, who was probably partly of Germanic ancestry. Odoacer considered Romulus so paltry a threat he didnt even bother to assassinate him, but sent him into retirement.* The Roman Empire Lasted Beyond the Fall The Byzantine Emperor vs. the Western Emperor:  At the time of the coup and for the two preceding centuries, there had been two emperors of Rome. One lived in the east, usually in Constantinople (Byzantium). The other lived in the west, usually somewhere in Italy, although not necessarily the city of Rome. The emperor whom Odoacer deposed had lived in Ravenna, Italy. Afterwards, there was still one Roman emperor, Zeno, who lived in Constantinople. Odoacer became the first barbarian king of the western empire.The Roman People Lived On:  While this bloodless coup in 476 is a frequently accepted date for the Fall of Rome and the beginning of the Middle Ages, it was not, at the time, a major turning point. Many events and tendencies led up to it and there were many people who continued to think of themselves and who continue to be thought of as Romans.Europes Kingdoms (From the Ashes of the Roman Empire): The following resources relate to the end of the Roman Empire and the Fall of R ome. This includes theories about the Fall of Rome (including lead) and several of the Roman emperors whose actions hastened the end of the Roman Empire in the West. There is a section with information on important men whose origins were far from the city of Rome. Causes of the Fall of Rome Theories on the Fall of Rome Non-Romans Who Impacted the Fall of Rome GothsGoths Origins?Michael Kulikowsky explains why Jordanes, our main source on the Goths, who is himself considered a Goth, should not be trusted.AttilaProfile of Attila, who is known as the Scourge of God.The HunsIn the revised edition of The Huns, E. A. Thompson raises questions about the military genius of Attila the Hun.IllyriaDescendants of the early settlers of the Balkans came into conflict with the Roman Empire.JordanesJordanes, himself a Goth, abridged a lost history of the Goths by Cassiodorus.OdoacerThe barbarian who deposed the emperor of Rome.Sons of NubelSons of Nubel and the Gildonic WarIf the sons of Nubel hadnt been so eager to do away with one another, Africa might have become independent of Rome.StilichoBecause of personal ambition, Praetorian Prefect Rufinus prevented Stilicho from destroying Alaric and the Goths when they had a chance.AlaricAlaric TimelineAlaric didnt want to sack Rome, but he did want a place for his Goths to stay and a suitable title within th e Roman Empire. Although he didnt live to see it, the Goths received the first autonomous kingdom within the Roman Empire. Rome and Romans Fall of Rome Books:  Recommended reading for a modern perspective on the reasons for the fall of Rome.End of the Republic:  Content related to the men and events from the Gracchi and Marius through the turbulent years between Julius Caesars assassination and the start of the principate under Augustus.Why Rome Fell:  476 CE, the date Gibbon used for the fall of Rome based on the fact that it was then that Odoacer deposed the emperor of Rome, is controversial- as are the reasons for the fall.Roman Emperors Leading to the Fall:  You could say Rome was on the verge of falling from the time of its first emperor or you could say Rome fell in 476 CE or 1453, or even that it hasnt yet fallen.   End of the Republic *I think its relevant to point out that the last king of Rome was also not assassinated, but merely expelled. Although ex-king Tarquinius Superbus (Tarquin the Proud) and his Etruscan allies tried to get the throne back by warlike means, Tarquins actual deposition was bloodless, according to the legends the Romans told about themselves.

Manuela Sáenz, Simon Bolivars Lover and Rebel

Manuela Senz, Simon Bolivar's Lover and Rebel Manuela Senz (Dec. 27, 1797–Nov. 23, 1856) was an Ecuadorian noblewoman who was the confidante and lover of Simà ³n Bolà ­var before and during the South American wars of Independence from Spain. In September 1828, she saved Bolivars life when political rivals tried to assassinate him in Bogot: this earned her the title the Liberator of the Liberator. She is considered a national hero in her native city of Quito, Ecuador. Fast Facts: Manuela Senz Known For: Latin American revolutionary and mistress of Simon BolivarBorn: Dec. 27, 1797 in Quito, New Granada (Ecuador)Parents: Simà ³n Senz Vergara and Marà ­a Joaquina AizpurruDied: Nov. 23, 1856 in Paita, PeruEducation: La Concepcion Convent in QuitoSpouse: James Thorne (m. July 27, 1817, d. 1847)Children: None Early Life Manuela was born on December 27, 1797, the illegitimate child of Simà ³n Senz Vergara, a Spanish military officer, and Ecuadorian Marà ­a Joaquina Aizpurru. Scandalized, her mother’s family threw her out and Manuela was raised and schooled by nuns at the La Concepcion Convent convent in Quito, a place where she would receive a proper upper-class upbringing. Young Manuela caused a scandal of her own when she was forced to leave the convent at the age of 17 when it was discovered that she had been sneaking out to have an affair with a Spanish army officer. She then moved in with her father. Marriage In 1814, Manuelas father arranged for her to marry James Thorne, an English doctor who was a good deal older than she was. In 1819 they moved to Lima, then the capital of the Viceroyalty of Peru. Thorne was wealthy, and they lived in a grand home where Manuela hosted parties for Lima’s upper class. In Lima, Manuela met high-ranking military officers and was well-informed about the different revolutions taking place in Latin America against Spanish rule. She sympathized with the rebels and joined the conspiracy to liberate Lima and Peru. In 1822, she left Thorne and returned to Quito. It was there that she met Simà ³n Bolà ­var. Simà ³n Bolà ­var Although Simà ³n was about 15 years older than she, there was an instant mutual attraction. They fell in love. Manuela and Simà ³n did not see one another as much as they would have liked, as he allowed her to come on many, but not all, of his campaigns. Nevertheless, they exchanged letters and saw each other when they could. It wasn’t until 1825–1826 that they actually lived together for a time, and even then he was called back to the fight. The Battles of Pichincha, Junà ­n, and Ayacucho On May 24, 1822, Spanish and rebel forces clashed on the slopes of Pichincha volcano, within sight of Quito. Manuela actively participated in the battle, as a combatant and supplying food, medicine, and other aid to the rebels. The rebels won the battle, and Manuela was awarded the rank of lieutenant. On August 6, 1824, she was with Bolà ­var at the Battle of Junà ­n, where she served in the cavalry and was promoted to captain. Later, she would also aid the rebel army at the Battle of Ayacucho: this time, she was promoted to Colonel at the suggestion of General Sucre himself, Bolà ­vars second-in-command. Assassination Attempt On September 25, 1828, Simà ³n and Manuela were in Bogot, in the San Carlos Palace. Bolà ­vars enemies, who did not want to see him retain political power now that the armed struggle for independence was winding down, sent assassins to murder him in the night. Manuela, thinking quickly, threw herself between the killers and Simà ³n, which allowed him to escape through the window. Simà ³n himself gave her the nickname that would follow her for the rest of her life: the liberator of the liberator. Later Life and Death Bolà ­var died of tuberculosis in 1830. His enemies came to power in Colombia and Ecuador, and Manuela was not welcome in these countries. She lived in Jamaica for a while before finally settling in the small town of Paita on the Peruvian coast. She made a living writing and translating letters for sailors on whaling ships and by selling tobacco and candy. She had several dogs, which she named after her and Simà ³n’s political enemies. She died on Nov. 23, 1856, when a diphtheria epidemic swept through the area. Unfortunately, all of her possessions were burned, including all of the letters she had kept from Simà ³n. Art and Literature The tragic, romantic figure of Manuela Senz has inspired artists and writers since before her death. She has been the subject of numerous books and a movie, and in 2006 the first-ever Ecuadorian produced and written opera Manuela and Bolà ­var opened in Quito to packed houses. Legacy Manuela’s impact on the independence movement is greatly underestimated today, as she is remembered mostly as Bolivars lover. In fact, she actively participated in the planning and funding of a good deal of rebel activity. She fought at Pichincha, Junà ­n, and Ayacucho and was recognized by Sucre himself as an important part of his victories. She often dressed in the uniform of a cavalry officer, complete with a saber. An excellent rider, her promotions were not merely for show. Finally, her effect on Bolà ­var himself should not be underestimated: many of his greatest moments came in the eight years they were together. One place where she has not been forgotten is her native Quito. In 2007, on the occasion of the 185th anniversary of the Battle of Pichincha, Ecuadorian president Rafael Correa officially promoted her to â€Å"Generala de Honor de la Repà ºblica de Ecuador,† or â€Å"Honorary General of the Republic of Ecuador.† In Quito, many places such as schools, streets, and businesses bear her name. Her history is required reading for schoolchildren. There is also a museum dedicated to her memory in old colonial Quito. Sources Josà © Vilalta, Marà ­a Historia De Las Mujeres Y Memoria Histà ³rica: Manuela Senz Interpela a Simà ³n Bolà ­var (1822–1830). Revista Europea de Estudios Latinoamericanos y del Caribe / European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies 93 (2012): 61–78.McKenna, Amy. Manuela Senz, Latin American Revolutionary. Encyclopedia Britannica, 2016.Murray, Pamela S. Loca or Libertadora?: Manuela Senz in the Eyes of History and Historians, 1900–C.1990. Journal of Latin American Studies 33.2 (2001): 291–310.Of Love and Politics: Reassessing Manuela Senz and Simà ³n Bolà ­var, 1822–1830. History Compass 5.1 (2007): 227–50.For Glory and Bolivar: The Remarkable Life of Manuela Senz. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2008.Von Hagen, Victor W. The Four Seasons of Manuela: A Biography. New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, 1952.